Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
The first recipient of Bharat Ratna
Here's a time line of Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman:
- 1888-Born in Tiruchirapalli, Madras (Now Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu)
- 1892-Family move to Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh.
- 1902-Join Presidency College in Madras (now Chennai).
- 1904-Obtain a B.A. degree from the University of Madras, stands first and won the gold medals in physics and English.
- 1906-Publish first scientific paper on "Unsymmetrical diffraction bands due to a rectangular aperture" in the British journal Philosophical Magazine.
- 1907-Earn an M.A. degree from the same university with highest distinction.
- 1907-Publish second paper in the same journal on surface tension of liquids.It was alongside Lord Rayleigh's paper on the sensitivity of ear to sound, and from which Lord Rayleigh starts to communicate with him, courteously addressing him as "Professor."
- 1909-Transfer to Rangoon, British Burma (now Myanmar), to take up the position of currency officer.
- 1910-Transfer back to India at Nagpur, Maharashtra.
- 1911-Promote to Accountant General in Calcutta.
- 1912-Recieves the Curzon Research Award,on working in the Indian Finance Service.
- 1913-Recieves the Woodburn Research Medal,on working in the Indian Finance Service.
- 1913-Become the Palit Professor of Physics in the University of Caclcutta.
- 1915-Guide more than a dozen students.
- 1917-Join Rajabazar Science College as full-fledged professor.
- 1921-Visit Oxford to deliver a lecture at the Congress of Universities of the British Empire.
- 1924-Elect as Fellow of the Royal Society
- 1928-Receives the Matteucci Medal from the Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze in Rome
- 1930-Conferr as a Knight Bachelor in a special ceremony at the Viceroy's House (now Rashtrapati Bhavan) in New Delhi
- 1930-Recieves the Nobel Prize in Physics "for work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him."
- 1934-Finds the Indian Academy of Sciences and start publishing the academy's journal of the Indian Academy of Sciences.
- 1937-Become the fourth director and the first Indian director of IISC
- 1943-Start a company called Travancore Chemical and Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
- 1941Recieves the Franklin Medal by the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia
- 1947-Appoint as the first National Professor by the new government of independent India.
- 1948-Retire from IISC
- 1948-Establish the Raman Research Institute in Bangalore and serves as its director and remained active there until his death
- 1954-Recieves the Bharat Ratna (along with politician and former Governor-General of India C. Rajagopalachari and philosopher Sir Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan)
- 1957-Recieves the Lenin Peace Prize
- 1970-Dies at the age of 82.
"The Raman effect was discovered on 28 February 1928. The day is celebrated annually by the Government of India as the National Science Day."